{"id":4167,"date":"2021-08-06T18:49:52","date_gmt":"2021-08-06T11:49:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/?p=4167"},"modified":"2024-09-24T16:02:52","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T09:02:52","slug":"indorayon-toba-pulp-lestari-tpl-sumber-bencana-bagi-masyarakat-toba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/en\/indorayon-toba-pulp-lestari-tpl-sumber-bencana-bagi-masyarakat-toba\/","title":{"rendered":"INDORAYON-TOBA PULP LESTARI (TPL) : Sumber Bencana Bagi Masyarakat Toba"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4167\" class=\"elementor elementor-4167\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e8c49e7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e8c49e7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3452bc6\" data-id=\"3452bc6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-240f5ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"240f5ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">INDORAYON-TOBA PULP LESTARI (TPL) : Sumber Bencana Bagi Masyarakat Toba<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab2352e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ab2352e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/852cc9c0ee624c3a89e8d51194019e21-0001-768x500.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-4178\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/852cc9c0ee624c3a89e8d51194019e21-0001-768x500.png 768w, https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/852cc9c0ee624c3a89e8d51194019e21-0001-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/852cc9c0ee624c3a89e8d51194019e21-0001-1024x666.png 1024w, https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/852cc9c0ee624c3a89e8d51194019e21-0001-16x10.png 16w, https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/852cc9c0ee624c3a89e8d51194019e21-0001-600x390.png 600w, https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/852cc9c0ee624c3a89e8d51194019e21-0001.png 1047w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b5f2f9f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b5f2f9f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e989f5\" data-id=\"2e989f5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dca7dc elementor-button-success elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7dca7dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1dsMASDdTFFs45APQhmxhbYblC-Laa17e\/view?usp=sharing\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Lihat Selengkapnya di sini<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-19d7573 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"19d7573\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-430eca2\" data-id=\"430eca2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-ka-cursor-size=\"1\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e64e5d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e64e5d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;kng_cursor_interaction&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_magnetic&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;kng_cursor_size_multiplier&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:1,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bukan manfaat, melainkan mudharatlah yang lebih banyak dihadirkan PT Inti Indorayon Utama (IIU, kini lebih dikenal sebagai PT Toba Pulp Lestari, TPL) sejak mereka beroleh izin dari Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal (BKPM) di penghujung 1983. Korporasi yang dimiliki taipan Sukanto Tanoto (Tan Kang Hoo) memunculkan masalah yang tak berkesudahan sedari awal hingga<br \/>sekarang. Perilakunya yang sangat eksploitatif, nakal, gemar memecah-belah masyarakat, dan menyengsarakan orang banyak menjadi musababnya.<br \/>Menteri Kehutanan memberi izin kepada Indorayon (IIU) di tahun 1984 untuk menggarap hutan pinus 86 ribu hektar di Sumatra Utara (Sumut). Pada 1986 korporasi ini juga mendapat hak pengusahaan hutan (HPH) 150 ribu hektar dari otoritas tersebut. Soalnya adalah sebagian konsesi ini tumpangtindih dengan tanah adat, termasuk apa yang kita kenal sebagai hutan ulayat. Namun, di masa Orde Baru itu rakyat yang menyoal bisa saja dituduh subversif sebab menghalangi pembangunan.<br \/>Masalah semakin mengemuka setelah pabrik Indorayon mulai beroperasi pada 1988 di lahan 200 hektar di Sosor Ladang, Kecamatan Parmaksian, Porsea. Selain bubur kayu (pulp) dan rayon (unsur penting untuk tekstil) ternyata bahan kimia dalam jumlah besar di sana mereka produksi juga untuk digunakan sendiri. Hal ini terungkap jauh hari kelak yakni setelah Labat Anderson Incorporated, perusahaan konsultan AS yang ditugasi pemerintah (tepatnya: Bapedal) mengumumkan hasil auditnya pada 1996.<br \/>Warga Porsea sangat diresahkan oleh limbah kimia\u2014gas, cair, dan padat\u2014 dari pabrik Sosor. Bau busuk yang harus dihirup, itu baru satu hal. Masih ada sederet perkara lain, termasuk lahan pertanian yang rusak akibat air, tanah, dan udara yang tercemar; kulit yang menjadi gatal-gatal; dan atap seng yang bolong-bolong.<br \/>Penduduk di sepanjang aliran Sungai Asahan juga ikut menderita. Masalahnya, air Danau Toba yang digunakan Indorayon dalam proses produksi dialirkan kembali ke sana dengan kondisi sudah tercemar oleh bahan kimia. Padahal, air itu mereka manfaatkan betul sehari-hari termasuk untuk keperluan rumah tangga dan pertanian.<br \/>Petaka yang lebih dahsyat terjadi setelah hutan pinus dan hutan alam konsesinya dibabati Indorayon. Pada periode 1988-1999 saja perusahaan ini menghasilkan sekitar 2 juta ton pulp dan rayon. Untuk itu perlu sedikitnya 10 juta kubik kayu.<\/p><p>Lahan yang sudah gundul kemudian mereka tanami dengan eukaliptus, tumbuhan yang rakus air. Keanekaragaman hayati berganti dengan monokultur. Tentu saja ini melahirkan ekses yang luar biasa terhadap flora dan fauna. Kalau bukan punah, organisme ini merana. Kawanan monyet yang<br \/>ratusan tahun berhabitat di hutan Sibaganding, Parapat, umpamanya, sampai sekarang sebagian menjadi pengemis di pinggir jalan yang menanti sedekah dari penumpang kendaraan. Ada juga yang menjadi pencuri-penjarah di rumah-rumah termasuk yang di dalam kota.<br \/>Sungai yang mengalir ke Danau Toba (sekitar 145 buah) krisis serius, kalau bukan kerontang. Sebabnya? Daerah tangkapan air telah rusak, kalau bukan hancur. Hujan menjadi jarang. Alhasil, permukaan danau terbesar di Asia Tenggara (terakbar di dunia sebagai danau kaldera) terus menurun. Pada periode Mei 1984-Juni 1998 saja surut hingga 2,86 meter, menurut LAPAN; sekarang sudah jauh lebih parah.<br \/>Pada sisi lain, longsor dan banjir bandang semakin membayang. Pada 7 Oktober 1987, misalnya, longsor terjadi 2 kali (selangnya 3 jam) di Bukit Tampean, Kecamatan Silaen. Akibatnya 18 orang tewas. Tanah amblas akibat keserampangan pembukaan jalan yang menghubungkan Silaen dengan desa Sianipar (I dan II), Natumingka, dan Dolok Jior, oleh Indorayon.<\/p><p>Pada 25 November 1989 malam, giliran Bulu Silape, yang longsor. Saat itu 13<br \/>orang yang kehilangan nyawa. Contoh kekinian dari banjir besar adalah yang terjadi di tengah kota turis Parapat, pada kamis 13 Mei 2021. Air bah menerjang dari atas bukit yang<br \/>ternyata sudah digunduli sejak lama.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>INDORAYON-TOBA PULP LESTARI (TPL) : Sumber Bencana Bagi Masyarakat Toba Lihat Selengkapnya di sini Bukan manfaat, melainkan mudharatlah yang lebih banyak dihadirkan PT Inti Indorayon Utama (IIU, kini lebih dikenal sebagai PT Toba Pulp Lestari, TPL) sejak mereka beroleh izin dari Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal (BKPM) di penghujung 1983. Korporasi yang dimiliki taipan Sukanto Tanoto&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/en\/indorayon-toba-pulp-lestari-tpl-sumber-bencana-bagi-masyarakat-toba\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">INDORAYON-TOBA PULP LESTARI (TPL) : Sumber Bencana Bagi Masyarakat Toba<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4178,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"full-width","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"[\"content\",\"comments\"]","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kajian-keputusan","category-kebijakan"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>INDORAYON-TOBA PULP LESTARI (TPL) : Sumber Bencana Bagi Masyarakat Toba -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bakumsu.or.id\/en\/indorayon-toba-pulp-lestari-tpl-sumber-bencana-bagi-masyarakat-toba\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"INDORAYON-TOBA PULP LESTARI (TPL) : Sumber Bencana Bagi Masyarakat Toba -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"INDORAYON-TOBA PULP LESTARI (TPL) : Sumber Bencana Bagi Masyarakat Toba Lihat Selengkapnya di sini Bukan manfaat, melainkan mudharatlah yang lebih banyak dihadirkan PT Inti Indorayon Utama (IIU, kini lebih dikenal sebagai PT Toba Pulp Lestari, TPL) sejak mereka beroleh izin dari Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal (BKPM) di penghujung 1983. 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